XAO currently has about 169 staff, including 130 scientific and technical personnel, 33 management personnel, also hired 3 foreign professor emeritus and experts from well-know universities and research institutions as our guest professors.　 

In recent years,the observatory has introduced a number of excellent young scientific talents from universities or institutes both at home and abroad. They have played an important role in both discipline construction and enhancement of research team.

XAO has doctorate and master degree program for Astronomy and post-PhD study station, on astrophysics and astronomical technology. From 2018 to 2023, it has trained 85 postgraduates, including 47 doctors and 38 masters,among them,2 post-docs come from abroad.